Each step was slightly smaller than the step below it. The sun-baked bricks made up the core of the ziggurat with facings of fired bricks on the outside. The ziggurat was a mastaba-like structure with a flat top. The ziggurats began as platforms (usually oval, rectangular or square). The precursors of the ziggurat were raised platforms that date from the Ubaid period during the sixth millennium BC. Each ziggurat was part of a temple complex that included other buildings. Ziggurats were built by ancient Sumerians, Akkadians, Elamites, Eblaites and Babylonians for local religions. Description Ĭhogha Zanbil Ziggurat (model). The Ziggurat of Ur is a Neo-Sumerian ziggurat built by King Ur-Nammu, who dedicated it in honor of Nanna/Sîn in approximately the 21st century BC during the Third Dynasty of Ur.
The word ziggurat comes from ziqqurratum (height, pinnacle), in ancient Assyrian. Society offered them many things such as music, harvest, and creating devotional statues to live in the temple. The Sumerians believed that the gods lived in the temple at the top of the Ziggurats, so only priests and other highly respected individuals could enter.
Notable ziggurats include the Great Ziggurat of Ur near Nasiriyah, the Ziggurat of Aqar Quf near Baghdad, the now destroyed Etemenanki in Babylon, Chogha Zanbil in Khūzestān and Sialk Plus, Sumer in general. It has the form of a terraced compound of successively receding storeys or levels. Ī ziggurat ( / ˈ z ɪ ɡ ʊ ˌ r æ t/ Cuneiform: 𒅆𒂍𒉪, Akkadian: ziqqurratum, D-stem of zaqārum 'to protrude, to build high', cognate with other Semitic languages like Hebrew zaqar (זָקַר) 'protrude' ) is a type of massive structure built in ancient Mesopotamia. The original pyramidal structure, the "Anu Ziggurat", dates to the Sumerians around 4000 BC, and the White Temple was built on top of it circa 3500 BC.
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